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ITS-90 Fixed Points

The Gallium Point, An Alternative Reference Temperature to the Water Triple Point

Considering the ITS-90 Gallium Point.
ITS-90 Fixed Points

An Optimal Gallium Cell – Interoperability Between a Cell Made In England and Intercompared at NIST, to it’s Reference Cell

An Open Gallium Cell of a design dating from 1973 and purity 99.999999% and made in England has been inter-compared with NIST’s reference Gallium Cell.
ITS-90 Fixed Points

A Technical Guide and Standard Practice for Realizing the Melting Point of Gallium

Different methods to realize the melting point of gallium for the calibration of thermometers.
ITS-90 Fixed Points

Assembling a Silver ITS-90 Fixed Point Cell Ready For The Furnace

Pictorial guide showing the assembly and testing of a cell as it is placed into a furnace.
ITS-90 Fixed Points

Stem Conduction And Light Piping in ITS-90 Fixed Point Cell Assemblies at a UKAS Laboratory

Experiences in Calibrating SPRTs at NTPL
ITS-90 Fixed Points

ISOTowers: Improvements Relating to the Calibration of Thermometers

In Isothermal Towers the fixed point cell and heat pipe (or heat siphon) have been combined to produce the ideal realisations for calibrating standard thermometers.
ITS-90 Fixed Points

Introducing ISOTowers

Integrated bench top apparatus for calibrating SPRTs and IPRTs with uncertainties to 0.0007°C.
ITS-90 Fixed Points

Mercury Triple Point realisation in a Europa Portable Calibrator

A practical guide to realising a Slim Mercury Cell in the Europa Portable Calibrator
Thermometry Bridges

Better Accuracy in Temperature Calibration and Measurement through a New Type of Analog-to-Digital Converter

Describes a reversal-switched DC precision thermometer that achieves performance levels previously attained only with AC resistance bridge.
Thermometry Bridges

Using a Substitution Measurement Topology to Eliminate the Effect of Common Mode Errors in Resistance Measurements used in Temperature Metrology

Advantages of using a substitution measurement topology in place of the conventional common current series connection.